The first one to cross the line at the finish is the winner. Only the final meters are timed. The Keirin is a massed start sprint event of 6 or 8 laps in length. Riders often qualify for a final through preliminary heats. The Team Sprint matches two teams of two or three sprinters against each other and against the watch. Each rider of a team takes his or her turn leading the group for a lap at maximum effort.
After the completion of lap one the lead rider pulls up and out of the race leaving the rest of the team to continue. After the second rider completes his lap at the front he also pulls up and out of the race allowing the third rider to complete the race. Often this race is run through heats advancing to a final. Sometimes run as a time trial where the fastest time wins. One by one the field is whittled down to the final two or three riders then sprint for first second and third place.
One of the most exciting races to watch on the track, the Madison so named because it originated in Madison Square Garden is a race consisting of two-rider teams. The riders are required to switch off during the race by means of an exchange. While one member of the team races his partner slowly circles the track above the blue line.
Races may be run over a specified number of laps or over a period time. Often, sprints for points are offered as a means of enlivening the action. The area inside the track is called the "infield," and is used as a warm-up area for riders and as a seating area for competitors and coaches. Encircling the infield, just at the edge of the track itself, is a flat, paved surface called the "apron.
Several lines are painted on the track and run around the full oval. The line, usually black, at the bottom of the track, nearest to the infield, is called the "pole line," and is the line along which the length of the track is measured. Some seventy centimeters up the track from the pole line is painted another line, usually red, called the "sprinter's line. Due to its early origins, a track bike's composition goes back to the original form of the bicycle: not much more than wheels, frame and pedals.
It does not have any breaks or derailleurs and has only one fixed gear, meaning, that you cannot coast while riding. Track riders should try to be polite, friendly and always aware of others. Here are some common rules and advice to keep in mind while riding on the track:. The faster rider is responsible for passing safely. Slow riders are responsible for riding straight and allowing faster riders to pass predictably.
Never get out of the way of a faster rider. Maintain a straight line. Except for entering the track from the apron, the area from the pole to the lower stayers line is reserved for fast riding. Use the area between the stayers lines for slow or recovery speeds.
Never ride more than two abreast while going slow. From the top stayers line to the top of the track is reserved as an emergency lane for riders accelerating or doing flying starts. Generally, only in a pace line should four or more riders ride together. At all other times, riders should be in groups of 4 or less, including speed efforts. Do not rely wholly on your peripheral vision. As you approach a slower rider with their heads turned in the direction you want to pass, sound-off with the command "STICK" in order to keep the slower rider from moving into your passing lane.
If you are going to practice standing starts with someone, ask permission from everyone at the track. Track racing takes place in an arena called a velodrome. The inner edge of the track consists of two curves connected by two parallel straight lines. The entrance and exit of the bends are designed so that the transition is gradual. The banking of the track is determined by the radius of the curves and the maximum speeds achieved in the various disciplines.
Velodromes can be enclosed or open air and are surfaced in wood or smooth concrete. The length of the track is between m and m inclusive. For World Championships and Olympic Games, velodromes are m. The length of the track is measured 20cm above the inner edge of the track the upper edge of the blue band. The length of the track multiplied by a round number of laps or half laps equals 1,m.
The smaller the track, the steeper the banking. The width of the track is constant throughout its length. Tracks approved in categories 1 and 2 have a minimum width of 7m. Other tracks have a width proportional to its length of 5m minimum. The tolerance of flatness for the track surface is 5mm over 2m. The coating is uniform in all its aspects over the entire track surface. The surface colour of the track must leave the track marking lines clearly visible.
All tracks have a standard set of markings. The longitudinal lines on the track above the blue band are 5cm wide and the perpendicular lines are 4cm wide.
A rideable area, sky blue in colour, known as the blue band is provided along the inside edge of the track. No advertising inscription is permissible in this area. With the exception of mounted riders, no person or object is allowed on the blue band while one or more riders are on the track. Immediately inside the blue band there is a prepared and marked safety zone.
The combined width of the blue band and the safety zone is at least 4m for tracks of m and over, and 2. With the exception of the commissaires, mounted riders or other persons authorised by the Chief Commissaire, no person or object including starting blocks are allowed inside the safety zone when a rider is on the track. A fence at least cm high, is erected on the inner edge of the safety zone in the track centre.
The fence is transparent and advertising boards are not allowed. In places where the level of the track proper is more than 1. The measurement line is black or white, to contrast with the track, and placed with its inner edge 20cm from the inner edge of the track. It is marked off at every 5m and numbered at every 10m going counterclockwise from the finish line.
The official length of the track is to be measured on the inner edge of this line. The sprinters line is red and placed with its outer edge 90cm from the inner edge of the track. The distance is measured to the inner edge of the red line.
A blue line drawn at one third of the total width of the track or 2. The finish line is situated towards the end of one of the straights but at least a few metres before the entrance of the banking, and in principle in front of the main grandstand. It is marked by a perpendicular black line 4cm wide at the centre of a white band 72cm in wide. The finish line marking on the track continues up to the top of the flat surface of the fencing. A white line is drawn across the track m before the finish line, from which point the times are recorded for sprint events.
Two red lines half the width of the track in length, perpendicular to the track and precisely in line with one another, are drawn at the precise midpoint of each of the straights to mark the finish points for pursuit events. A road course may be from place to place, around a circuit, out and back or a combination of these. The course must not cross itself. There must be no chance that riders have to cut through other groups of riders.
In all road events a conspicuous marker denotes the final kilometre. Panels at the m, m, m m and 50m are recommended. Panels indicating the last 25, 20, 10, 5, 4, 3 and 2 km are recommended for all road races.
In races ending on a circuit, only the last 3, 2 and 1 km are displayed. The finishing area is at least 8m wide and protected to prevent spectators from entering onto the course. The last m is free of turns and curves. The finish line is perpendicular to the racecourse. Tempo race: The riders race for 10km for men or 7. Riders can also earn 20 points by lapping the field.
The winner is the rider with the most points. Riders wear transponders on their head tubes that light up if they are eliminated and signal that they must exit the track.
Points race: The riders race for 30km men or 20km women , and are awarded points along the way. The first four finishers in these sprints are awarded 5, 3, 2, and 1 points, respectively. If a rider laps the field, they are awarded 20 points; and in the last lap, points are double, which can be a deciding factor for the podium.
Any rider that loses a lap on the field has 20 points deducted from their total. This event involves the most strategy and math skills from the riders, as they have to be ultra-aware of which moves to follow, which to let go, and how many points they need to improve their overall placing.
In the madison, each team sends two riders to race in a 50km men or 30km women endurance relay. While one team member races, the other slows down to rest before being thrown back into the action with a hand sling from their teammate. The winner is calculated according to the number of points won. As in the points race, any team that gains a lap on the main bunch is awarded 20 points, while any team that is lapped by the bunch has 20 points deducted.
Points awarded in the last sprint after the full distance are doubled 10 points, 6 points, 4 points, 2 points. The madison was an Olympic event for men in , , and but was dropped ahead of the London Olympics, partly for reasons of equality as there was no equivalent race for women at the time.
Finally, in Tokyo, both men and women will participate in the madison. Bikes and Gear. United States.
0コメント