Hormonal disorders Kidney disorders Alkalosis, a condition in which you have too much base in your blood Too little CO2 in the blood may indicate: Addison's disease , another disorder of the adrenal glands. In Addison's disease, the glands don't produce enough of certain types of hormones, including cortisol. The condition can cause a variety of symptoms, including weakness, dizziness, weight loss, and dehydration.
Acidosis, a condition in which you have too much acid in your blood Ketoacidosis, a complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes Shock Kidney disorders If your test results are not in the normal range, it doesn't necessarily mean you have a medical condition requiring treatment. Is there anything else I need to know about a CO2 blood test? References Hinkle J, Cheever K. Total Carbon Dioxide Content; p.
Lab Tests Online [Internet]. Washington D. Bicarbonate: The Test; [updated Jan 26; cited Mar 19]; [about 4 screens]. C: American Association for Clinical Chemistry; c— Cushing Syndrome; [updated Nov 29; cited Feb 4]; [about 2 screens]. Addison Disease; [cited Mar 19]; [about 2 screens]. Overview of Acid-Base Balance; [cited Mar 19]; [about 2 screens].
After the needle has entered your vein, the clinician or technician will place a vial at the end of the syringe to collect your blood sample. They may ask you to put pressure on the site for a minute or two before covering it with an adhesive.
Generally, the test takes only a few minutes to complete. Also, tests performed at different labs may yield different results. There can be other elements, such as medications you might be taking, that contribute to your results. If you have any questions or concerns regarding the carbon dioxide blood test, be sure to talk with your healthcare provider ahead of time so that you can feel informed about the procedure, any pre-test instructions that the practitioner may have for you, and what to expect from the test results.
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We and our partners process data to: Actively scan device characteristics for identification. I Accept Show Purposes. Table of Contents View All. CO 2 naturally switches between these different forms depending on how acidic or basic the blood is, otherwise known as blood pH [ 1 , 2 ]. CO 2 , especially in the form of bicarbonate, plays an important role in maintaining the pH of the blood. Bicarbonate acts as a buffer, preventing blood from becoming too acidic or basic [ 3 ].
The breathing rate is also regulated by CO 2. CO 2 levels are most commonly used to evaluate the acid-base balance in the blood, which may be disturbed by issues in the lungs or kidneys. Three pieces of information are needed to get a full picture of acid-base status, which include [ 1 ]:. Besides acid-base balance, CO 2 levels are also helpful in monitoring lung diseases and the effectiveness of oxygen therapy [ 1 ].
There are several different tests that measure CO 2 levels in the blood. The serum total carbon dioxide test TCO 2 test measures the total amount of CO 2 in all forms in the blood, including [ 1 ]:. This test requires a blood sample, which a medical professional will usually take from a vein in the arm [ 1 ]. Because the TCO 2 test is fairly quick and easy to perform, it is usually the first test used to screen for acid-base disorders. If results are abnormal, additional tests may be performed [ 1 ].
The arterial blood gas ABG test is also commonly performed. It measures pCO 2 , pO 2 , and blood pH. In addition, it is possible to calculate HCO 3- levels using the results of this test. It mainly occurs in the form of bicarbonate. As part of its normal functions, the human body naturally produces certain acids and bases that balance each other.
Any disruption to this balance can be an early sign of an underlying medical condition. This makes the blood acidic. They may take blood from either an artery an arterial blood draw or a vein a venous blood draw.
A venous blood draw provides a measure of bicarbonate levels. An arterial blood draw measures the particle pressure of carbon dioxide. Both components are indicators of blood oxygenation. The test procedure usually takes around 2—5 minutes. It is normal to experience a slight feeling of discomfort from where the nurse drew the blood, but this is temporary and will resolve on its own. A healthcare professional may order a CO2 as part of a routine checkup or to investigate the underlying cause of certain symptoms.
They may also recommend it in the case of a medical emergency or just before surgery. This test measures levels of electrolytes, including sodium, chloride, and potassium in the blood, along with bicarbonate levels.
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